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29 July the day for the begining of new tecnology. First in 1976 and the second in 2007. 29 July 1976 the day when Steve Wozniak demonstrated " APPLE 1 " at the Homebrew Computer Club in Palo Alto, California. "APPLE 1" or "APPLE I" was the first desktop computer released by the Apple Computer Company (now Apple Inc.) in 1976. It was designed and hand-built by Steve Wozniak. Wozniak's friend Steve Jobs had the idea of selling the computer and financed by both by selling their bike. Specifications: CPU             MOS 6502 @ 1 MHz Memory     4 KB standard                     expandable to 8 KB or                        4 KB using expansion                          cards Graphics    40×24 characters,             ...

One of the world’s best air defense system is “ S-400 ”. It is the extended version of “S-200” and “S-300”. These defense systems were developed in 1967 and 1978. These two systems still counted in best air defense system, due to this they are still in work. America and Russia both are ravels of each other. Due to this both are engaged in developing air-crafts and army attires. But Russians air craft does not compete Americans fighter planes, due to this they decided to develop air defense system. And as a result Russia develops “S-200”, “S-300” and “S-400”. “S-400” was developed in 2007. It not only detect missiles and air crafts in the range but also launch anti-missile when needed. It is considered world’s best because of its specifications: Multifunctional based system, in which missiles can be launched at different speed. It has four different missiles for short and long distance.      Long distance missiles, to destroy target in range of 400km....

By resolution 42/112 of 7 December 1987, the General Assembly of UN decided to observe 26 June as the International Day against Drug Abuse and Illicit Trafficking as an expression of its determination to strengthen action and cooperation to achieve the goal of an international society free of drug abuse. Today drugs are one of biggest problem of our world. Today, not only youngsters but the child also engaged into drug addicted. Drug is a type of posion which not only kill person but also his family. Today the death rate due to drugs are incrasing as same as due to terrorism. According to " UNITED NATIONS OFFICE ON DRUG AND CRIME" there are 12 million people who injuct drugs in 2015.  And these numbers are increasing year to year. Due to these drugs there are so many health probleme ocur, which become reason for there death.  "UKRAIN" is at the top in list of drug adicted country . And "UNITED AMERICA" is at 5th in drug adicated cou...

25 June which is considered as black day for india. It was 25 June 1975 when Prime Minister Shri Indri Gandhi declared Emergency through radio in India. In India, "the Emergency" refers to a 21-month period from 1975 to 1977, Officially issued by President Fakhruddin Ali Ahmed under Article 352 of the Constitution, the Emergency was in effect from 25 June 1975 until its withdrawal on 21 March 1977. The order bestowed upon the Prime Minister the authority to rule by decree, allowing elections to be suspended and civil liberties to be curbed. For much of the Emergency, most of Gandhi's political opponents were imprisoned and the press was censored. Several other human rights violations were reported from the time, including a forced mass-sterilization campaign spearheaded by Sanjay Gandhi, the Prime Minister's son. RESION BEHIND EMERGENCY On 12 June 1975, Justice Jagmohanlal Sinha of the Allahabad High Court found the prime minister guilty on the charge of...

Graphene “the super material of the earth”. Why this is super material?  Because it conduct electricity better than ‘silver’, conduct heat better than ‘diamond’ and stronger than ‘steel’ and even with all these properties it also flexile. What is Graphene? Graphene is a simple material which forms of carbon atom. Graphite is the naturally occurring crystal of carbon and it is formed of large number of graphene shits which are placed over each other. Or we can say that graphene is a semi-metal with a small overlap between the valence and the conduction bands. It is an allotrope of carbon consisting of a single layer of carbon atoms arranged in a hexagonal lattice. Graphene was discovered by two Russian scientists “A Geim and K Novoselov" in 2004 with the help of two simple things i.e. “pencil and tape”. They place pencil graphite over tape and make thin so that it will become a single layer i.e. Graphene. And for this they get Noble prize in 2010. Application ...

21st of June which is now considered as the day of "INTERNATIONAL YOGA DAY". It was 27 September 2014 when, Prime Minister of India "Shri Narender Modi" proposed to holding International Yoga Day, in his UN General Assembly Speech. Because of its benefits, the resolution of Yoga Day was co-sponsored by 177 of the 193 member nation of UN across the world. And with this support UN General Assembly on 11 December 2014 ,  has declared June 21 as International Yoga Day, recognizing ancient India's 'holistic approach to health and well-being.' UN Secretary-General Ban Ki-moon said in a message, "Yoga can bring communities together in an inclusive manner that generates respect" and can "promote peace and development. YOGA POSTURE There are so many postures in Yoga, having different-2 benefits. But the one which is known as the combination of all is known as "SURYA NAMSKAR". It is considered as the one of the best Yoga with...

Pollution is one is one of the biggest problem of world. And the green house gases are one of the main components of this. To overcome this problem many transportation companies are going on electric instead of oil. We see that cars, bikes and even rails are now moving on electricity. And now aviation industry are also wants to follow the same path. Norway is taking lead in this field. Norway planning to take all its short-haul flights on electricity by 2040. Avinor, the agency which operates most of Norway’s civil airport is aiming to be the “first in the world” to switch to electricity air transport. According to its Chief Executive, Dag Falk Petersen  “We think that all flights lasting upto 1.5 hrs can be flown by aircraft that  are entirely electric. When we reach to our goal, air travel will no longer be a problem for climate, it will be a solution” . In a 2017 report, Avinor announced that in cooperation with the Norwegian Sports Aviation Associati...

Today there are lot of air purifier depending upon different principles. Most of the purifiers depend upon tradional method 'HEPA'. But now technology is changing and also purifiers that now even purifies air at micro level. Two of the principles on which these purifiers work are 'PECO' and 'Ozonier'. HEPA This is now a tradional method to purify air. HEPA stands for high-efficiency particulate air. A HEPA filter is a type of mechanical air filter; it works by forcing air through a fine mesh that traps harmful particles such as pollen, pet dander, dust mites, and tobacco smoke. You can find HEPA filters in most air purifiers. OZONIER It is a type of air purifier that uses ozone to kill bacteria. Ozone is a naturally occuring gas. A molecule of ozone has three oxygen atm. Ozone layer shields Earth from the harmful ultraviolet rays of the sun, it is pollutant at ground level. However when used in right amount, ozone can purifies the air. An ozoni...

You always see a mark on pencil 'HB' or "2". So what are 'HB' and "2" ? There are always a grading system for the quality of every thing. Similarly there are two grading system for pencil core/lead, one is number graphite scale (or american system)  and other one is HB graphite scale (or european system) HB GRAPHITE SCALE Here, 'H' stands for Hardness        'B' stands for bold and darkness. To understand this first we know that Pencil core is made up of two material 'graphite' and 'clay'. Core's hardness and softness depend upon the concentration of these two materials. Greater 'B'grade ( like 2B, 3B....) means core has more graphite and will be bolder and dark lines. Greater 'H' grade (like 2H, 3H ...) means core has more clay and will harder but lighter and fine lines. 'F' is also used in general between 'HB' and 'H'. NUMERICAL GRAPHITE SCALE It...

Nipah virus is one of the top 10 prior diseases list of W.H.O. They recognized nipah as a newly emerging zoonosis that spread in animals as well as in humans. These are likely to spread through fruit bats. It affects many parts of human body but the one mostly infected part is “brain”. Due to this there will be swelling in brain known as “encephalitis”. According to W.H.O up to still (Jun 2018) there is no drug and vaccination to fight this. SYMPTOS Drowsiness, Headache, Fever, Disorientation, Mental confusion and Respiratory illness are its main symptoms. Patient can also progress to coma within 20-48 hrs. Symptoms appear in 4 to 15 days. CURE According to W.H.O there is no cure found of this virus. But the primary treatment or cure is intensive supportive cure and consult to doctor as soon as possible if symptoms appear. And eat fruits and vegetal and change to healthy life style. And the only way to prevent this virus is to avoid get infected. CAUSES AND SPREAD WAYS ...

Saturn, the sixth planet from the Sun, is home to a vast and unique satellites — 53 plus 9 awaiting official confirmation But its two satellites Enceladus and Titan are different in many aspects to all other satellites. Christiaan Huygens discoveed the first known moon of Saturn. The year was 1655 and the moon is Titan and Enceladus was discovered discovered by William Herschel in 1789. The condition of Enceladus and Titan appear right for supporting life, Cassini project scientist Linda Spilker said. ENCELADUS Using data from Cassini mission, scientists found that a global ocean lies beneath the icy crust of moon. Cassini observed warm fractures where evaporating ice evidently escapes and forms a huge cloud of water vapor over the south pole. In 2015 they shared results that suggest hydrothermal activity is taking place on the ocean floor. NASA believes with its global ocean and internal heat Enceladus may support life. TITAN At 5,150 kilometers (3,200 m...

Gravitational waves are invisible but very fast ripples in the universe space that expand and contract the space time around them. They travel at the speed of light (186000 miles per second). CAUSES OF GRAVITATIONAL WAVES The most powerful gravitational waves are created when objects move at very high speeds. Some examples of events that could cause a gravitational wave are: when a star explodes asymmetrically (called a supernova) when two big stars orbit each other when two black holes orbit each other and merge For explaining this let us consider a trampoline on which if we place weight, it will bend space around it. Greater the mass greater will be the bend. In this principle earth moves around the sun. If we consider sun of greater mass in space which bend space around it and if any object likes earth enter into this bend it will start moving around the sun. There is no such force which binds earth with sun, it is just a bending of space. In this way if two bodi...

Evey one about world bank and its work. But can you know where does the world bank get its money. The World bank's money comes from a number of sources. One of them is "World Bank Group" (WBG). The World Bank Group is a family of five international organizations that make leveraged loan to developing countries. Five organizations are: INTERNATIONAL BANK FOR RECONSTRUCTION AND DEVELOPMENT (IBRD)  INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT ASSOCIATION (IDA) INTERNATIONAL FINANCE CORPORATION (IFC) MULTILATERAL INVESTMENT GUARANTEE AGENCY(MIGA) INTERNATIONAL CENTRE FOR SETTLEMENT OF INVESTMENT DISPUTES(ICSID) The first two IBRD and IDA provide maximum funds and loans at preferential rates to member countries as well as grants to the poorest countries. IBRD FUND -IBRD raises most of its funds in the world's financial markets and its shareholders (sovereign governments).This has allowed it to provide more than $500 billion in loans to alleviate poverty aroun...

Dementia is a syndrome that involves severe loss of cognitive ability as a result of disease or injury. Cognitive abilitiy means brain-based skills that we need to carry out any task from the simplest to the most complex. Symptos -  Memory loss and confusion are main symptoms. Also common: behavioral symptoms, inability to combine muscle movements, jumbled speech, or loss of appetite Causes- -Dementia caused by traumatic brain injury and also by neurodegenerative disorder such as Alzheimer disease.And also our bad habits. -But the main cause that is in our hand is “ HIGH SALT DIET ”. Research published in journal “Nature Neuroscience” by Contaline Ladecola reveals that a high salt diet reduce blood flow to the brain and may cause dementia. This is the first research to unveil a brain connection linking high deity salt intake to neurovascular and cognitive impairment. “ We discover that mice fed a high salt diet developed dementia even when blood pressure rises ”. ...

Bitcoin is a digital crypto currency, to manage this currency we require some devices known as Bitcoin wallet devices. Bitcoin require secure and private devices to handle but scientists reveals under their study that all bitcoin devices have security weak spot. Researchers at the University of Edinburgh in the UK carried out in depth security analysis of all popular models of Bitcoin wallet. They created a simple harmful software or malware, which was able to hack these wallets i.e. to intercept, messages between hardware wallets and also easy to access Bitcoin funds to divert into different accounts. But on the bases of tests, researchers proposed a fix for improving the security of such systems. This would encrypt messages sent between Bitcoin wallets and computers, making them more secure. Their fix can secure every model of bitcoin hardware against hackers.  " A wallet should protect not our money, but also our privacy. It was surprising to discover how easy it is...